Which symptom is commonly associated with pulmonary embolism?

• A. Shortness of breath
• B. Chest pain
• C. Dizziness
• D. Rash

Answer: (A)

Shortness of breath is the most common presenting symptom of a pulmonary embolism because the clot blocks blood flow to portions of the lung, creating a sudden mismatch between ventilation and perfusion. The lungs can’t oxygenate blood effectively, so the body signals distress through rapid, labored breathing and a feeling of air hunger. While chest pain can occur when the clot irritates the pleura or a portion of lung tissue becomes irritated, and dizziness can happen if the embolism reduces cardiac output, these are less consistently reported. A rash isn’t a typical feature of PE. In practice, acute dyspnea, especially with risk factors like recent surgery, prolonged immobilization, or a known clotting disorder, should raise suspicion for a pulmonary embolism.