Which seizure type is also known as Petit Mal seizures and is characterized by brief lapses in consciousness with little or no motor activity?

• A. Complex partial seizures
• B. Status epilepticus
• C. Absence seizures
• D. Simple partial seizures

Answer: (C)

Absence seizures, often called Petit Mal seizures, are a type of generalized seizure marked by brief lapses in consciousness with little to no motor activity. These episodes usually last only a few seconds, during which the person stares blankly and may have subtle movements such as eye blinking or lip smacking, but there is no sustained or dramatic movement. Consciousness returns quickly and there is typically no postictal confusion, which helps differentiate them from longer or more convulsive seizures. They are most common in children and are often captured on EEG as a 3 Hz spike-and-wave pattern. This presentation contrasts with other seizure types: complex partial seizures involve impaired awareness and more noticeable automatic behaviors; simple partial seizures have focal symptoms but the person remains fully aware; and status epilepticus refers to continuous or rapidly repeating seizures lasting too long, with potential serious consequences. Treatments commonly target absence seizures with agents like ethosuximide, and prognosis is generally favorable with appropriate management.